The question of this study, "What is law?", refers us directly to another question: "What is man?" Or, more precisely, "What is nature?" If the essence of man and human nature are problematic and difficult to grasp cognitively, legal concepts are beset by numerous and serious epistemological dilemmas. What is certain, however, is that the function of law, before investigating its sources and objectives, is concerned, before any consideration of rational human beings. Law, therefore, aims to manage human relations within a single society (civil or private law) and to regulate international relations in order to achieve international peace and security (international law). In both cases, the concept of law refers to the management of human relations and societal alliances, both civil and political, and exchanges of various kinds between individuals and states.

The State also exercises sovereignty over the airspace above it, and it is its duty to protect it. It also has the right to regulate air traffic therein in accordance with its interests and security, and in accordance with the treaties concluded between it and other States with the aim of achieving their common interest.