The book is not merely a panoramic overview, a bird's-eye view, of 20th-century philosophies. Rather, it penetrates these philosophies with what Marx described as an "eagle eye," not content with a historical presentation of ideas from past to present. Instead, it starts from the present and its concerns to examine past philosophies, extracting their structural mechanisms and tracing them back to the social structures that produced them, thereby uncovering their ideological function in reality. With this methodology, focused on exploring philosophical meanings and connecting them to society, Dr. Anwar Moughith analyzes philosophies that readers have long found difficult and obscure, such as the philosophies of Gilles Deleuze and Jacques Derrida. He also offers new interpretations of problematic concepts such as "post-Marxism," "postmodernism," "Eurocentrism," "deconstruction," and "suspicion."