Violence in civil wars is not insane, frenzied, or meaningless; rather, it is a complex process shared by political, military, and non-combatant actors. This is what the author aims to prove, based on his in-depth research into existing theories of civil war and his study of dozens of civil wars from the dawn of history to the present day. The author takes us on a journey through civil wars across time and space, moving from the cities of ancient Greece, the countryside of revolutionary France, the provinces of America, the cities of Bolshevik Russia, the small villages of Vietnam, the jungles of Africa and Latin America, all the way to Beirut's checkpoints and Baghdad's barriers. This is done from the perspectives of various disciplines, starting with political science, then moving on to sociology, psychology, war studies, and history, and ending with statistics and mathematics. All this is to tell us with confidence that civil war is not insane, and that its violence is not an emotional or sentimental state, but rather has a logic from which it springs and upon which it is based.