In 1377 AD, Ibn Khaldun wrote his book, "The Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun," as a key and introduction to one of the most comprehensive historical works, "The Book of Lessons." However, this Muqaddimah, which contained the seeds of abundant knowledge, later became an independent work in itself, encyclopedic in its content, encompassing all fields of knowledge, from Islamic law, history, and geography to economics, urban planning, sociology, politics, and medicine. In his Muqaddimah, Ibn Khaldun was an astronomer studying the movement of the stars in the sky. He studied human conditions and the differences in their natures, and he also studied the influence of the environment on humans, as if he were a social physician dedicated to diagnosing the diseases that afflict nations. In this book, Ibn Khaldun preceded other thinkers in many profound opinions and ideas that served as new rays of light illuminating the path of knowledge. He is thus considered the founder of sociology, surpassing the French philosopher Auguste Comte, who came many centuries after him.